^ Griesbach, R.J.(2007) in Flower breeding and genetics: Issues, challenges and opportunities for the 21st century, Petunia, ed Anderson N.O.Tsukahara, J., Watanabe, H., Kokubun, H., Tsukamoto, T., Hashimoto, G., Marchesi, E., Kitching, I.(2001) Reproductive isolation in a native population of Petunia sensu Jussieu (Solanaceae) Ann. ^ The Plant List, retrieved 13 September 2015.^ The Value of Growing Petchoa SuperCal®.
"Nuclear DNA Content as an Index Character Discriminating Taxa in the Genus Petunia sensu Jussieu (Solanaceae)".
^ Mishiba, Kei-Ichiro Ando, Toshio Mii, Masahiro Watanabe, Hitoshi Kokubun, Hisashi Hashimoto, Goro Marchesi, Eduardo (2000). Phylogenetic Analysis of Petunia sensu Jussieu (Solanaceae) using Chloroplast DNA RFLP. ^ Ando, T, Kokubun, H., Marchesi, E., Suárez, E. ^ “Classification for Kingdom Plantae Down to Family Solanaceae”. Royal Botanic Garden Kew and Missouri Botanic Garden. When given as a gift, Petunias have (in the language of flowers) two mutually exclusive meanings, symbolising on the one hand being comfortable with someone, and on the other anger and resentment. According to New Age folklore, Petunias will only thrive where there is "positive energy" and will not grow in places where there is "negativity". Their flower-buds were bunched together for magical drinks. The Maya and Inca believed that the scent of petunias had the power to ward off underworld monsters and spirits. A wide range of flower colours, sizes, and plant architectures are available in both Petunia × atkinsiana and other species, listed below: Symbolism and folklore Many species other than Petunia × atkinsiana are also gaining popularity in the home garden. The following is a selection of cultivars which have received the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit: These include Grandiflora, Multiflora, Wave (Spreading), Supertunia, Cascadia and Surfinia. In horticulture many terms are used to denote different types of cultivated petunia. Applying fertilizer monthly or weekly, depending on the variety, will help the plant grow quickly. 
Hanging baskets and other containers need more frequent watering. Watering once a week should be sufficient in most regions. They need at least five hours of sunlight every day and flourish in moist soil and conditions of low atmospheric humidity. Petunias can tolerate relatively harsh conditions and hot climates, but not frost. The tubular flowers are favoured by some Lepidoptera species, including the Hummingbird hawk moth. Most petunias are diploid with 14 chromosomes and are interfertile with other petunia species, as well as with Calibrachoa. exserta, which is a rare, red-flowered, hummingbird-pollinated species. Petunias are generally insect pollinated, with the exception of P.
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